Manufacturing Free Essays

Data System Implementation Case Study Analysis Introduction: PacSci has been a fruitful medium size aviation/safeguard organization. It has been doing business since 19760s. (1) The organization has generally excellent notoriety in cost and quality. We will compose a custom article test on Assembling or on the other hand any comparable point just for you Request Now Be that as it may, it generally has issue with OTD (on time conveyance). Ten years prior, the OTD issue was not an issue, on the grounds that there weren’t such a large number of rivalries. Be that as it may, over the most recent couple of years, because of stiffer rivalries, OTD has become a major issue and been harming the company’s deals. Furthermore, loads of steadfast clients gradually went to its rivals. Causes: Several issues added to OTD have been recognized by the administration of the organization. The first they distinguished was the inability to perceive the lead times of the crude materials. The buying office consistently needed to arrange materials at the moment when the parts in the stock room were practically unfilled. The organization needed to pay extra to speed up their requests, which drove the company’s working cost high. Warning between Stock room work force and buying office was not robotized. Furthermore, the accepting office didn’t inform the stock room when they got crude materials bundles. Another was no mechanized procedure set up over the organization, such a large number of manual entered interchanges between divisions. A few sales reps made unreasonable conveyance date to clients since they couldn’t get to more seasoned deals request data. The building ventures took too long to even think about being moved to Manufacturing on account of absence of undertaking the board. In conclusion, the assembling office despite everything depended on such a large number of physical work steps in assembling process. (2) Implementation: The administration chose to actualize Microsoft ERP over the entire organization to smooth out their Supply Chain Processes with the goal that the stock control can be overseen, and the buying office can arrange the crude materials when they see orders come in, get programmed notices from stock rooms. The transportation and getting division presently can advise the stock room when they get crude materials and parts immediately through messages activated by ERP. Sales reps can educate the clients the transportation status and the specific conveyance date dependent on the assembling time, and can connect with clients dependent on the customer’s request exercises. And furthermore the board reduces down operational expenses by executing programmed fabricating steps to supplant tedious difficult work steps, with the goal that the product offering process time and work cost can be overseen. Presently, after execution of Microsoft ERP, all of designing activities can be appropriately overseen and observed in Microsoft ERP by the board, and moved to assembling after they pass fabricating availability stage in an ideal manner. End: After Implementing Microsoft ERP, it has helped PacSci improve its stock, decline the working expense, accomplish over 90% OTD. Since the improvement in its flexibly chain and OTD, the associations with clients have likewise improved. New items from designing division can be appropriately overseen and moved to assembling agreeing the timetables in ERP. Increasingly more of those lost clients gradually come back to PacSci for business. Deals division can recognize the customers’ request practices and foresee better market slants, and give better client assistance. What's more, the company’s buying offices additionally haggle with providers for better terms. References: (1) http://contributing. businessweek. com/explore/stocks/private/preview. asp? privcapId=118423755 (2) Narrated by previous worker of PacSci, Don Yang Step by step instructions to refer to Manufacturing, Essay models

Ku Klux Klan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Ku Klux Klan - Essay Example diverse Klan, an ethically upstanding and erroneously blamed association/development, yet the two articles clearly uncover some appalling realities about the American culture before, which continues frequenting the American culture until today †that the liberation of African Americans from servitude after the American Civil War didn't similarly liberated American culture from shading inclination, rather, it revealed the significance of scorn history permeated among men because of shading. The article â€Å"The Golden Era of Indiana (1900-1941)† has normally portrayed the Ku Klux Klan as a terrible association beginning in the South after the fall of the Confederate government, which objective has consistently been racial oppression coordinated against African-Americans as well as even against other minority gatherings. It has portrayed the Klan nearly as a faction of racial oppression (explicitly, White Caucasian) seeing itself a safeguard of the white lifestyle, which to the Klan is the total lifestyle, that it sees being compromised by the North’s abolitionist subjugation battle solidified in Lincoln’s Emancipation Proclamation of 1863 (America’s Reconstruction, 2003) †a demonstration to stop dark subjection, that the Klan’s apparatuses of terrorizing, for example, lynching, shooting, wounding and whipping were to the Klan only a gallant demonstration. Such profound scorn of the Klan against Blacks and Black supporters was obviously completed by its participation, which was basically made out of the crushed Confederate Army †the military which had been vanquished and disappointed by the Blacks whose profound want for opportunity had been shrewdly utilized by the North (Union) (Ibid), and was completely communicated in the Klan’s characterized triple center: (1) striking back at the administrative reproduction government, which war’s point had become the liberation of the Blacks from subjugation †the financial base of the South, (2) bringing the Black †who numerous southerners accepted were being enabled by the North (Union) to take

10 Critical Texts About Romance Novels

10 Critical Texts About Romance Novels Sometimes when you really really love something, you get the urge to learn everything you possible can about itâ€"usually by picking it apart and examining all its little pieces. Which is why, as a voraciously curious little English major, I fell in love with literary criticism in college. Literary criticism is (to me, anyway) the art of taking apart a text and figuring out what makes it tick, and some of my favorite reads are critical texts about romance novels. Okay, so maybe this post is a little niche, but hear me out! Did you know that along with scads of romance novels, The Ripped Bodice also has a section on their website for theory on the romance genre? They do! Because romance readers are hands down one of the most well-informed readerships I’ve ever encountered. They don’t just read in their genre, they also want to read about their genre, past and present. It’s really awesome. So for all of you fact hungry romance readers, I’ve pulled together a list of my top 10 favorite critical texts about romance novels: Critical Texts About Romance Novels by GENRE INSIDERS This first group of texts are all by bloggers or romance authors. Beyond Heaving Bosoms by Sarah Wendell and Candy Tan So. Freaking. Funny. When it comes to romance genre introductions, this book is the holy grail. Written by Smart Bitches, Trashy Books creators Sarah Wendell and Candy Tan, Beyond Heaving Bosoms is a hilarious, at times bitingly sarcastic, look at the romance genre. From atrocious covers to beloved tropes, Wendell and Tan cover a number of topics about romance novels, their readers, and their many critics. Dangerous Books For Girls by Maya Rodale Like Beyond Heaving Bosoms,  Dangerous Books for Girls is an insightful, at times scathing, look at both the romance genre and its propensity to attract criticism. With all the passion of someone who was first a devoted romance reader, and is now a writer of romance as well, Rodale turns her renowned wit towards an examination of the romance novel. In particular, shes interested in romances as they exist within a long history of societys attempts to control what women read. Dangerous Men and Adventurous Women edited by Jayne Ann Krentz Published in 1992, some of these essays are more than a bit dated now, but they’re still just so much fun to read. I definitely recommend this one. Dangerous Men and Adventurous Women  was one of my first romance studies texts and, really, who knows a genre better than its authors? Each chapter is written by a romance author, or a pair of authors, on topics ranging from moody heroes to critics and correctness. North American Romance Writers edited by Kay Mussell and Johanna Tuñón Another collection of author essays,  North American Romance Writers  is edited by scholars Johanna Tuñón   and Kay Mussell. It features, specifically, those authors who became popular as a result of the development of the romance genre in the early 1980s. Like  Dangerous Men and Adventurous Women,  each chapter is written by a different romance author, covering a variety of topics about the changing standards of the romance novel. Happily Ever After: The Romance Story in Popular Culture by Catherine Roach Catherine Roach is both an amazing romance scholar, and a romance author as well. Her academic work on the genre is some of my favorite, and  Happily Ever After is a captivating journey, guiding the reader deep into Romancelandia where the smart and the witty combine with the sexy and the seductive to explore why this genre has such a grip on readers and what we can learn from the romance novel about the nature of happiness, love, sex, and desire in American popular culture (Synopsis). I really cannot recommend this book enough. Critical Texts About Romance Novels by Scholars Technically  Happily Ever After  could fit into this category as well, but I like a nice 5/5 split. A Natural History of the Romance Novel by Pamela Regis Regiss book (pub. 2003) is a classic in the romance studies field, and a go-to for both scholars and readers. In  A Natural History of the Romance Novel, Regis examines the literary history of the genre, with particular attention to countering years of dismissive scholarship, and working to create a framework for future critique. The eight narrative elements she identifies as being essential to the romance novel are particularly interesting for both scholars and would-be romance writers, and are still frequently cited in works on the genre. Publishing Romance  by John Markert This is one of my favorites. I destroyed my copy of this while I was reading it. I don’t think there is a single page I didn’t write on, and a couple of times I was so into it I didn’t even notice I’d rolled the front cover completely around. Oops! Unlike Regiss literary history of the genre, Markerts focus is on the publishing history of the romance from the very beginning right through the modern day. You might not think hundreds of pages of meticulous details, facts, and figures about the publishing industry could captivate but I promise you I could not put this book down. I learned so many things I never knew! Ask me what Playboy has to do with the creation of the clinch cover. Go on! Pursuing Happiness: Reading American Romance as Political Fiction by Laura Vivanco This one is soooooooo good. I read it on interlibrary loan when I was still in school and definitely need to buy my own copy. The romance novel is not a uniquely American phenomenonâ€"in fact it didnt even get its start here. But ever since the romance boom post-1972 (the release year of  The Flame and the Flower by Kathleen Woodiwiss)  the romance genre, for better or worse, has been very America-centric. Vivanco examines the politics of the American romance novel, as well as the sources of its political identity. I took an American Realism and Naturalism class during grad school that  Pursuing Happiness  tied in with beautifully, so if either of those literary ares are in your wheelhouse you should read Vivancos book. Black Women’s Activism: Reading African American Womens Historical Romances by Rita B. Dandridge This was another ILL book that I read during grad school and, again, just so well written and interesting. Starting with the late 80s,  Black Womens Activism (2004) focuses on romances written by a number of black authors (including the much beloved, and always awesome Beverly Jenkins). Dandridge is particularly interested in the presentation of the black female character, focusing not just on their portrayed resistance to the historical events featured in the novels, but also on the gender issues present in black fiction. Desert Passions: Orientalism and Romance Novels by Hsu-Ming Teo Teo’s book is fantastic. I wrote a paper about Johanna Lindseys harem romance  Silver Angel for one of my classes and I could not have done it without Teos book.  Desert Passions examines a very long literary history of desert romances, and the gendered cultural and political purposes that they have served at various historical moments (Synopsis). Teo doesnt just look at romance fiction, either. She also pulls in sources from literature, erotica, filmsâ€"its so comprehensive. Much of her focus is on Orientalist tropesâ€"sexual slavery, harems, sultans, sheiks, concubines, etc.â€"which are of course eroticized by, exoticized by, and perpetuated within Western culture. Definitely worth the read for romance fans who are looking for an in depth examination of some of the genres most controversial moments. These are just some of the amazing critical texts about romance novels that are out there. And I’m always happy to chat about romance studies! So feel free to hit me up on twitter (@JtheBookworm) any time! To learn more about current romance scholarship, consider checking out the Journal of Popular Romance Studies! A number of the authors in this list have contributed to the journal, along with many other scholars. To learn more about the Ripped Bodice, visit their website! Making cooing noises at their adorable dog on their twitter account (@TheRippedBodice)â€"what? Its not weird. I do it all the time. You can also read about their most recent Diversity in Romance report here on Book Riot, or read the actual report on the stores site. Sign up for True Story to receive nonfiction news, new releases, and must-read forthcoming titles. Thank you for signing up! Keep an eye on your inbox.

Media s Impact On Media Consumption Essay - 1729 Words

Technology drives the world in which we live in, and mobile technology is at the forefront, allowing users to access an infinite amount of resources on the internet, 24 hours a day 7 days a week (XXXX). The rapid technological advancements has shifted the consumption of media from television, magazines and billboards to online digital media channels accessed via mobile devices, creating a ‘bedroom culture’ (Sumner, 2016) for many. The shift in media consumption has particularly been induced by the emergence of Social Networking Sites as well as other online platforms, which have become an integral part of our daily lives. SNS enable users to follow the lives of models, celebrities and peers, at the touch of their fingertips (Barlie, 2011). Platforms, such as Instagram a photo-sharing platform, are venues whereby celebrities, models and peers can post images which can be viewed largely by anyone. Users are consequently being continuously exposed to ‘thin’ images that many believe depict ‘the ideal beauty’. As Sumner (2016) points out, the ability to be immersed into a world of ‘ideal beauty’ can â€Å"provide a dangerous playground for adolescents and young adults†. This is explained through the use of various psychological theories such as cultivation theory (XXX) which come into practice, whereby individuals begin to believe that the images on their news feed, are true representations of reality (Grabe et al, 2008). Many fail to take into account that the images which depictShow MoreRelatedWhy Is Medium Is The Massage Essay1528 Words   |  7 PagesWhy is Medium Message? Marshall McLuhan, a technological determinist, says in his book ‘Medium is the massage’ that the most widespread modern media influence how humans think, act and perceive the world around them. He states that the medium significantly influences the message that people will receive, and thus, the same message is perceived by the same individual in several ways if he receives them in a different way. The expression the medium is the message means that recipient receives messagesRead MoreUsage of Social Media Word of Mouth968 Words   |  4 Pages 1. Introduction: 1.1. Usage of Social media WOM: Social media has played a significant role in consumer decision making, including such areas raising awarness, sharing information and opinions as well as postpurchase experience ( Mangold and Faulds,2009). It turns out that consumers tend to trust knowledge and experience shared by other customers on social media more than those opinions reviewed by the manufacturer or the marketer of the product or the service.(Linchi Kowk,2012) In an environmentRead MoreThe New Consumerism And Media Culture1418 Words   |  6 PagesDenise Bowen The New Consumerism and Media Culture Professor Chyng- Feng Sun October 31, 2017 In Chapter 27, The New Politics of Consumption: Why Americans Want So Much More Than They Need, author Juliet Schor states consuming is authentic as it gets in the American culture and the standard of living has changed in relation to consumerism. Americans need to work longer hours in order to make money that they are then pressured to spend. Schor describes today s consumerism as the new consumerismRead MoreMedia And Agenda Setting : Effects On The Public, Interest Group Leaders, And Public Policy1216 Words   |  5 PagesLomax Cook, Fay, et al. Media and Agenda Setting: Effects on the Public, Interest Group Leaders, Policy Makers, and Policy. The Public Opinion Quartely, vol. 47, no. 1, Spring 1983, pp. 16-35. JSTOR. Researchers analyzed the impact of the mass media on the general public, policy makers, interest group leaders, and public policy. Results indicated the media influenced views about issue importance among the general public and government policy makers. However, the change in public opinion regardingRead MoreSocial Media Allows People To Share Pictures And Ideas1057 Words   |  5 PagesSocial media allows people to share pictures and ideas with others across the world. Women and girls can use social media to earn approval for their appearance and compare themselves to others. Women during this time period that are so heavily impacted by the media can link their self-worth to their looks. I used scholarly articles all relating to how social media affects body image to decide what my view point was. After research, we can conclude that social media has a negative effect on a woman’sRead MoreHum 176 Wk 2 Media Convergence Worksheet1041 Words   |  5 PagesUniversity of Phoen ix Material Media Convergence Worksheet Write brief 250- to 300-word answers to each of the following: Questions Answers What is meant by the term media convergence with regard to technology, and how has it affected everyday life? The term media convergence with regards to technology is defined as a process of combining together the telecommunications and computers and turning them into one electronic or digital form. The media convergence has affected our everyday lifeRead MoreSocial Media And Its Effect On Children965 Words   |  4 Pageswith the volume of media consumption, social media usage, multi-screening behaviour, and when the individual adopted a technological lifestyle. As the use and consumption of technology increased, the ability to focus for a longer term decreased. Age was a variable heavily correlated with these metrics, however age alone cannot be tied to sustained attention. However, not all of the results were against using technology. Remarkably, early tech adopters and heavy users of social media showed an increaseRead MoreSocial Networks Or Virtual Communities?1181 Words    |  5 PagesSocial Networks or Virtual Communities? Unlike film, social media is built on interaction. So, how can we describe the digital environment in relation to multiculturalism? When asked about virtual culture, Stephanie was unclear as to what it entailed (S. Jean, personal communication, April 5, 2017). Scholars suggest the digital sphere may create a â€Å"third culture,† incorporating traits of culturally diverse users (McEwan Sobrà ©-Denton, 2011, p. 253). This amalgamation reduces barriers to communicationRead MoreGlorification of Alcohol Use in the Media Essay936 Words   |  4 Pageswith 2000 of them promoting alcoholic beverages. While many view them as harmless, logic would contend that these advertisements play an important role in influencing the attitudes and ideals that society’s youths relate to alcohol consumption. Many aspects of modern media deliver promises that once one engages in â€Å"drinking,† the will merge with a high society way of life where popularity, desirability and ultima tely happiness are easily attained. While peers and families, environment and heredity,Read MoreHow does advertisement influence peoples behaviour?1319 Words   |  6 Pagescompetitions. As a result, advertisement has become more important. If you can be more noticeable, it means you would have chances to market. Therefore, advertising has great impact on different people. Advertising, is mainly used in market, refer to marketing message, which is presented by an identified sponsor in extinctive media such as the television, newspapers, radio, magazines and Internet. The term may be used to refer to message presentation in the marketplace. The term may also be extended

The Anxiety Of A Group Project - 1176 Words

There is a significant amount of anxiety that follows with the mention of a group project. The anxiety is further increased with the realization that the group project will count as a large part of the course grade. There are many factors that contributed to the level of anxiety experienced. The fear that you will not contribute enough, the fear that your group will not contribute enough, the fear of working with people you have no previous connections to, and the fear of being able to step outside of your own comfort zone. Conversely, the anxiety that exists in a new group setting is normal. In fact, it would be rather surprising if there is no anxiety at all. There are effective methods to successfully complete tasks required as a group. Communication, organization, and listening are efficacious means of working as a cohesive group. Communication is possibly the most obvious entity in working towards a cohesive group. Without proper, constant, and effective communication transmissi ons between you and your group can easily get lost (Hamilton Creel, 2011). Messages often become lost when an ineffective channel is utilized to transmit messages. This complicates communication because the receiver of the message may decode the original message to something less desirable. When messages are inaccurately decoded they can cause a communication breakdown and contribute to the inability to perform well the duration of the course. Communication appeared to be simple when ourShow MoreRelatedEssay on Communication Reflection1228 Words   |  5 PagesExpectations and Personal Anxiety As I reflected on my experience with the team project, I found that at the conclusion of the project my attitude and opinion of group projects was more positive. Initially, the idea of a working on a group project in graduate school created anxiety, doubt, and skepticism. My uneasiness stemmed from my experience during my undergraduate studies as an adult learner; three out of five group projects resulted in poor quality research, content, and conflict betweenRead MoreBarriers to Learning.1645 Words   |  7 Pageson some of the main barriers to learning that may be encountered on training a project team. The new project team consists of eight members of mixed IT ability ranging from novice to expert users and some with a third level education. The training will be to deliver a course in Microsoft Project 2003 and the team was formed to manage the implementation of a new database system. The subject matter of the course, MS Project training, is not the focus of this report. However what will be looked at isRead MoreHrm590665 Words   |  3 Pagescultural or social group. Ethnocentrism: is the tendency to judge other groups according to the standards and values of ones own group. Cultural relativism: it is the refusal to make any judgement on the cultural values of other individuals, institutions or cultures. Culture shock: Culture shock is more than your initial mental adjustment to strange customs, new language, and perhaps water that isnt safe to drink. It is a very real set of symptoms that may include depression, anxiety, increased incidenceRead MoreThe Connection Between Stressors And Mental Illnesses1262 Words   |  6 Pagesof coping. The project will focus on the following: The connection between stressors and mental illnesses. Determine the relationship between the variables indicated in this proposal and mental illnesses. What the affects are and who is most at risk. Background The amount of people attending public colleges is increasing, classes are getting bigger and students struggle to keep up with their work. There are many cases of student suffering from disabling conditions such as anxiety and depressionRead MoreShould Human Beings Really Discriminate Against Each Other?917 Words   |  4 Pageswhat others have dictated to be weird?† Anxiety, the first feeling that hits me when the word â€Å"presentation† or â€Å"speech† is said, following that, is an overall feeling of dread when I realize that until after the project has been presented, I will need to trudge myself through thick, globs of stress and anxiety to cross over to the next set of presentations. Junior year was evidently the most convenient time for teachers to place such globs of stress and anxiety, as they appeared in a bizarre abundanceRead MoreThe Impact Of Gender, College Year, And Prior Experience On Students Anxiety1329 Words   |  6 PagesProject Title: The Impact of Gender, College year, and Prior Experience on Students’ Anxiety Narrative: UNC IRB Application A. Purpose Statistics anxiety is prevalent among students whose academic background has little statistical training (Pan Tang, 2004). Researchers (Onwuegbuzie, Da Ros, Ryan, 1994; Zeidner, 1991) concluded that many college students experience statistics test anxiety. Most of these researchers focused on students statistics test anxiety due to little statistical backgroundRead MoreThe Use Of Exercise Therapy As A Safe Alternative Treatment Option For Those Suffering With Ptsd Essay1616 Words   |  7 Pagesgeneralized anxiety disorder, and PTSD.† (Vieweg et al., 2006). PTSD affects an estimated one in six combat veterans returning from war and is the most common mental-health diagnosis among veterans of Operation Iraqi Freedom and Operation Enduring Freedom. In fact, the most common cause of PTSD among men in the United States is combat-related trauma. (Vieweg et al., 2006). Symptoms of PTSD include debilitating flashbacks, nightmares, depression, emotional numbness, general symptoms of anxiety, and sleepRead MoreAssisting A Five Year Old Boy With Adhd1724 Words   |  7 Pageswere chosen at random. The 60 students were split into four groups, which included three experimental and one control group. Each group included fifteen male students. Before the study began, the researchers used Conner’s parental rating scale to ensure that each student had a diagnosis of ADHD. Each student’s parent signed a written consent for their child’s participation in the study. The students who were selected in the experimental group received family-child based interventions. These studentsRead MoreThe Ineffective Pain Management Regimes1603 Words   |  7 PagesA. Ineffective Pain Management Regimes Mackey (2015) has argued that pain is subjective symptom and is derivative of several biochemical, psychological, and socioeconomic factors, and different cultural groups experience and expresses pain differentially. Jibb et el (2015) have noted that causes of pain are numerus and they have potential affect pain management differently. Pain can be a symptom of a disease, or it can result from invasive treatment and diagnostic procedures. The prefrontal cortexRead MoreDescription Of Person Centered Theory1276 Words   |  6 Pagesclient with becoming fully/freely functioning and creative, while developing greater self-actualization (Joseph Murphy, 2013). Roger’s conceptualized that â€Å"incongruence is either the (a) same thing as anxiety or (b) directly caused by anxiety† (Elliot, 2013). The client is experiencing anxiety regarding a decision she believes will cause discord in her family. She has not been diagnosed with a mental disorder. A diagnosis of psychopathol ogy is not necessary when utilizing the person-centered approach

Why Project Fail Free Essays

Why Projects Fail Computer projects fail when they do not meet the following criteria for success: It is delivered on time. It is on or under budget. The system works as required. We will write a custom essay sample on Why Project Fail or any similar topic only for you Order Now Only a few projects achieve all three. Many more are delivered which fail on one or more of these criteria, and a substantial number are cancelled having failed badly. So what are the key factors for success? Organisations and individuals have studied a number of projects that have both succeeded and failed and some common factors emerge. A key finding is that there is no one overriding factor that causes project failure. A number of factors are involved in any particular project failure, some of which interact with each other. Here are six of the most important reasons for failure. 1 . Lack of User Involvement Lack of user involvement has proved fatal for many projects. Without user involvement nobody in the business feels committed to a system, and can even be hostile to it. If a project is to be a success senior management and users need to be involved from the start, and continuously throughout the development. This requires ime and effort, and when the people in a business are already stretched, finding time for a new project is not high on their priorities. Therefore senior management need to continuously support the project to make it clear to staff it is a priority. 2. Long or Unrealistic Time Scales Long timescales for a project have led to systems being delivered for products and services no longer in use by an organisation. The key recommendation is that project timescales should be short, which means that larger systems should be split into separate projects. There are always problems with this approach, but the benefits of oing so are considerable. Many managers are well aware of the need for fast delivery, leading to the other problem of unrealistic timescales. These are set without considering the volume of work that needs to be done to ensure delivery. As a result these systems are either delivered late or only have a fraction of the facilities that were asked for. The recommendation here is to review all project plans to see if they are realistic, and to challenge the participants to express any reservations they may have with it. . Poor or No Requirements Many projects have high level, vague, and generally unhelpful requirements. This has ed to cases where the developers, having no input from the users, build what they believe is needed, without having any real knowledge of the business. Inevitably when the system is delivered business users say it does not do what they need it to. This is closely linked to lack of user involvement, but goes beyond it. Users must know what it is they want, and be able to specify it precisely. As non-lT specialists this means normally they need skills training. 4. Scope Creep Scope is the overall view of what a system will deliver. Scope creep is the insidious growth in the scale of a system during the life of a project. As an example for a customer bills, then these bills will be provided on the Internet, and so on and so forth. All the functionality will have to be delivered at one time, therefore affecting time scales, and all will have to have detailed requirements. This is a management issue closely related to change control. Management must be realistic about what is it they want and when, and stick to it. 5. No Change Control System Despite everything businesses change, and change is happening at a faster rate then ever before. So it is not realistic to expect no change in requirements while a system s being built. However uncontrolled changes play havoc with a system under development and have caused many project failures. This emphasises the advantages of shorter timescales and a phased approach to building systems, so that change has less chance to affect development. Nonetheless change must be managed like any other factor of business. The business must evaluate the effects of any changed requirements on the timescale, cost and risk of project. Change Management and its sister discipline of Confguration Management are skills that can be taught. 6. Poor Testing The developers will do a great deal of testing during development, but eventually the users must run acceptance tests to see if the system meets the business requirements. However acceptance testing often fails to catch many faults before a system goes live because: Poor requirements which cannot be tested Poorly, or non planned tests meaning that the system is not methodically checked Inadequately trained users who do not know what the purpose of testing is Inadequate time to perform tests as the project is late Users, in order to build their confidence with a system, and to utilise their experience f the business, should do the acceptance testing. To do so they need good testable requirements, well designed and planned tests, be adequately trained, and have sufficient time to achieve the testing objectives. Conclusion These six factors are not the only ones that affect the success or failure of a project, but in many studies and reports they appear near, or at the top of the list. They are all interlinked, but as can be seen they are not technical issues, but management and training ones. This supports the idea that IT projects should be treated as business projects. How to cite Why Project Fail, Papers

Salvation Serpent and Snake-handling Services Essay Example

Salvation: Serpent and Snake-handling Services Paper The trial of Glenn Summerford intrigued Dennis Covington and caused him to think about snake handling churches. Covington began to embark on a journey to his self-discovery after his coverage of Glenns trial. During the trial Dennis noticed that he was becoming extremely interested in snake-handling services. He also realized that he was confused about who he really was. The trial made Covington understand that he needs to explore the world of snake-handling and decide if it was meant for him. Glenns trial intrigued Dennis, so he began going to some of the snake-handling services in Scottsboro. Covington did not know anything about snake-handling before he started covering the Summerford trial. The first service that Dennis had attended was in March of 1992, at The Church of Jesus with Signs Following. Dennis had been invited to the church by Sister Bobbie Sue Thompson. The church was on Woods Cove Road in an old converted gas station and country store with a miniature steeple. At the first service that Covington had attended, a snake was never even brought out. The Church of Jesus with Signs Following was filled with many nice people and while Dennis was attending, he became friends with several of its members. Eventually The Church of Jesus with Signs Following came to a close and Dennis, along with the rest of its members, had to find a new place to hold their services. Brother Carl Porter, J. L. Dyal, and the End-Time Evangelist, Brother Charles McGlocklin, began holding brush-arbor meetings. Brush-arbor meetings were services that were held under muscadine vines, honeysuckle, and starlight, and this is where Dennis continued his journey. During the trial of Glenn Summerford, Dennis began to realize that he was confused about who he really was. Covington started looking for ways to learn about himself and his ancestors. When Covingtons father died, he left Dennis a binder full of research that he had been doing on their family. Dennis finally started looking through this binder and learned that his family is from the Appalachian Mountain area. This is significant because snake-handling is from this area as well. After learning this, Covington wondered if snake-handling was in his blood. We will write a custom essay sample on Salvation: Serpent and Snake-handling Services specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Salvation: Serpent and Snake-handling Services specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Salvation: Serpent and Snake-handling Services specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Dennis continued to attend snake-handling services to learn more about it. Dennis began exploring the world of snake-handling after his recent coverage of the Summerford trial and the discovery of where his family is from. Dennis continued to go to the brush-arbor meetings until they came to an end. The weather during the fall in Sand Mountain would not permit them to hold any meetings. The nights would turn cool. It also rains in the fall and brings in fog. On one of the last days of summer, Dennis was invited to go to Jolo on Labor Day weekend. Dennis was not sure why he had been invited to Jolo at first, until he remembered that there was a famous snake-handling church there. Dennis and a couple of his friends, Jim and Melissa, left Birmingham in route to West Virginia, to find the famous snake-handling church. They get to the church and it is drizzling outside. The gravel crunched under their feet as they walked up to the open door of the church. The church had paneled walls and ceiling fans. Inside the church, smelled of camphor and damp wool. Things got a little crazy at this church. Four serpent boxes were a the front of the church. Brother Charles got up and began talking to the congregation and strumming his guitar. A few other members began playing their instruments to go along with Brother Charles. The light in the church seemed to have changed. It was softer, more liquid. Then Brother Carl got up and began preaching after Brother Charles was done. Suddenly everyone began dancing to the music. They danced around the room and up towards the front of the church where the serpent boxes were located. At one point six snakes were being handled. Eventually Dennis handled snakes and he realized that snake-handling was in his blood. The trial of Glenn Summerford intrigued Dennis. During the trial, Covington began to wonder about many things. Dennis became oddly interested in the snake-handling services. Covington also realized that he was confused about who he really is and that it is time for a journey of self-discovery. During his journey, Dennis realized that he needed to explore the world of snake-handling. Covington found out during his journey that snake-handling is in his blood. The trial of Glenn Summerford caused Dennis to think about many things and the effects of that made him realize who he really is.

The Fall of the Roman Empire by Arther Ferrill essays

The Fall of the Roman Empire by Arther Ferrill essays The Fall of the Roman Empire by Arther Ferrill (1986) provides well written and interesting reading for the non-historian. While Ferrill breaks down many areas of the Roman Empire and it's decline, there are other areas where the author's description of some important details remains sketchy and leaves the reader wanting more information. Ferrill breezes over some very important explanations concerning why the Eastern Empire survived despite the Eastern army suffering the two major defeats of Adrianople and Julian's failed Persian campaign. Ferrill also does not support the argument that the Fall of Rome was the result of a successful conquest of barbarism and religion. He instead maintains that uncomplicated military failures contributed to Rome's decline. The case he presents supports that these were created by political blunders and that enough of the blunders created the misfortune that resulted in the decline of the Roman public spirit. Ferrill's descriptions of the Roman way of life lead the reader to view the people as very cultured, sophisticated and comfortable. Their cleanliness for the time was exceptional and their water system was unique to that historical time. This style of life may have contributed to their idealistic views that all people wanted to work toward a more civilized and productive lifestyle. However, this was simply not true. Descriptions in Ferrill's book somewhat discredit the new breed of a classicist who encourages a Marxist version of Roman history which view that barbarians are just oppressed minorities engaging in justifiable wars of "national liberation." He also argues that men and battles do not much matter and that all history is some sort of inevitable process governed by the class struggle. Ferrill correctly points out that men and battles matter very important within this course of history. The barbarians were strictly barbaric and not worthy of much explanation or compassion for their h...

How to Speak to a Customer Service Representative

How to Speak to a Customer Service Representative At some point, most of us make a telephone call to a companys customer service department. Whether its to place an order or a complaint, dispute a charge, or ask a question, its important to know how to communicate with customer service representatives. In this intermediate-level role-play dialogue, you will get a better understanding of how to interact with a customer service representative. Customer service calls usually follow a standard procedure. The representative will often ask for information such as your address and phone number. After practicing this role-play, you should be able to conduct these types of phone calls with what youve learned. Grab a partner and start practicing. Customer Service Representative: Hello, Big City Electricity, how may I help you today? Mr. Peters: Im calling concerning my electricity bill. Customer Service Representative: May I have your account number? Mr. Peters: Certainly, its 4392107. Customer Service Representative: Thank you, is this Mr. Peters? Mr. Peters: Yes, this is Mr. Peters. Customer Service Representative: Thank you, what can I help you with? Mr. Peters:Â  I think Ive been overcharged for the past month. Customer Service Representative: Im sorry to hear that. Why do you think we charged you too much? Mr. Peters: The bill is 300% higher than last month. Customer Service Representative: Im sorry to hear that. Let me ask you a few questions and then Ill see what I can do. Mr. Peters: OK, Thank you for your help. Customer Service Representative: Of course, thank you for calling this to our attention. Now, how much do you usually pay for your electricity? Mr. Peters: I usually pay about $50 a month.​ Customer Service Representative: Thank you. And how much did we charge on this bill?​ Mr. Peters: $150. I cant understand why.​ Customer Service Representative: Yes, Mr. Peters. Was your usage different in any way?​ Mr. Peters: No, it was an average month.​ Customer Service Representative: Im sorry. There certainly seems to be a mistake.​ Mr. Peters: Well, Im happy you agree with me.​ Customer Service Representative: Ill contact a service representative to come out and check your meter. Whats your address, Mr. Peters?​ Mr. Peters: 223 Flanders St., Tacoma, Washington 94998​ Customer Service Representative: Whats your phone number?​ Mr. Peters: 408-533-0875​ Customer Service Representative: Im terribly sorry about the misunderstanding. Well do our best to change this as quickly as possible. Mr. Peters: Thank you for your help in clearing this up. Customer Service Representative: Of course. Is there anything else that I can help you with today? Mr. Peters: No, thank you. That would be all. Customer Service Representative: Okay. Thanks for calling, Mr. Peters, and I hope you have a good day. Mr. Peters: You too! Goodbye.

Effect of Hebal product on perception or Memory ( main focus will be Research Proposal

Effect of Hebal product on perception or Memory ( main focus will be on canabis) EFFECT OF Cannabis on memory or perception - Research Proposal Example The findings of the research will be shared with the public. The society has been keen to exploit the range of herbal products offered by Mother Nature for purposes that cut across recreation, medicine, and traditional practices. Researchers have proved through studies and experiments that herbal products like ginko Biloba can improve the power of concentration of an individual while giseng, a different herbal product, works well to sharpen memory (BBC, 2000). The range of herbal products would be used to better performance among learners as some are used to treat neurological disorders. Cannabis, botanically referred to as Cannabis sativa (National-Institute-on-drug-abuse, 2015), is also an herbal product that has found a whole range of uses. It has been used for entertainment and in medicine (Smith, 2014). This research study will focus on the implications of cannabis on an individual in the short and the long run. The study will serve to establish the chronic effects of cannabis on memory in humans (CSAM, 2014). Societies across the globe are known to abuse the product while ignoring long-term effects of the product in the event of addiction (unit, 2015), (Filbey, 2014)). The research will offer evidence-based results on the chronic effects of the product in the human brain in terms of memory. The drive of this study is to establish the chronic effects of cannabis use on memory in human. The study will work to establish the particular part of the brain that is affected and how exactly that alters the memory of the individual. The study will identify the particular constituent of cannabis in the form of cannabinoids that has ability to impair and alter individual’s cognitive functioning that includes memory. The research shall be based on data and models established through previous research and studies, as well as gathered quantitative and qualitative data that shall be realized in this

Declaration of Independence, Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Declaration of Independence, - Essay Example In many respects, the King was perceived as promoting excessive taxation, essentially stepping on the backs of hard-working colonists to earn money for Britain. The colonists realized that an independent system of taxation, when used for the benefit of sustaining the local economy, would prevent Britain from taking resources away from the American colonists for use to sustain a stronger Great Britain. Secondly, the colonists believed that the king was maintaining a strong military presence in early America, which essentially made the colonists feel as though they were constantly under the threat of military action on behalf of the king of Britain. This is evident in the passage stating, "He has kept among us, in times of peace, standing armies without the consent of our legislature" (Ushistory.org). While the colonists continued to work to build the foundation of a successful American economy, Britain maintained a close military watch over them to ensure that no revolution against Britain was begun and to constantly show the threat that England could provide against any revolutionaries. as tobacco) to other nations willing to pay for the items, the King of Britain refused such exportation in order to ensure that the monies associated with American-produced products would be distributed not locally, but to the King of Britain himself. This is evident in the Declaration of Independence where it states, "For cutting off our trade with all parts of the world" (Ushistory.org). At a time where the local economy needed export dollars to build a strong, local infrastructure, refusing to allow exportation of colonial goods continued to keep a strong British presence in the colonies and prevent early America from becoming a nation of wealth (likely to prevent any revolution against England). All of these reasons, and many more, were spelled out in the Declaration

How Can Children At Risk Be Helped Young People Essay

How Can Children At Risk Be Helped Young People Essay In this paper we will be highlighting the major areas of children at high risk, the causes behind and the effect on their lives {as derived from child theology}. Our focus of attention will be the role and responsibilities of church and different organisations working for the rehabilitation as well as reaching out to them with the Gospel. CHILD THEOLOGY: SOME BASIC ASSUMPTIONS Child Theology encompasses all children irrespective of their identity, since our God is impartial. The basic purpose of child theology is to see the pressing needs of children, their potential and to take purpose driven action on their behalf.3à ¢Ã‚ Ã‚   What are Children to God? Or in child theology? Children are the most numerous and needy people we find on the earth. They are most needy people as they are small, weak, dependant, most vulnerable and powerless. Children are the blessing of God to the families. God could have easily created prototype of Adam and Eve, instead He told them to multiply (Gen.1:28). Secondly we also see that they are created in Gods image like any other individuals thus reflecting the nature and character of God (Gen.1:26). Though children are created in Gods image they, among all other human beings are also imperfect because of Fall and therefore needs to be redeemed.1 It is important to note that apart from physical healing they are also in dire need of spiritual healing which is often overlooked. Thirdly it is very much evident all through the scripture that they are the focus of God and His Kingdom. In the sight of God children are very special. But God cares for them and they are the focus of His Mission. Dr. Dan Brester says that, they are both key to Great Commission and an expression of Great Commandment.2 DIFFERENT AREAS WHERE CHILDREN ARE AT HIGH RISK Street Children: These children are the once who are on their own deprived of basic necessities of childhood, thus trying to survive by living and working in a particular environment. They are categorised as Children who live and work on street during day but return home at night, other group who find food, shelter and friends in the street. They are called children of the street. And the third category includes the abandoned ones, completely on their own for material and psychological support, so they are termed as children in the street.4à ¢Ã‚ Ã‚   Kind of work they do: salvaging recyclables from waste, selling things on road junctions, polish shoes, collect alms, scavenge food from the market, pick pocketing, theft etc. Problems they go through: They are neglected, abused by any and every kind of people passing by. Lack of roof over their heads leaves them only to be exploited sexually,abused and tortured physically. These children are deprived of proper food, education,and medical aid. They are at high risk of both physical as well as psychological problems since they are homeless and are left unattended if they suffer any health hazards. Many children are open to the dangers of addiction of tobacco, alchohol and all kinds of drug abuse.5 à ¢Ã‚ Ã‚   Sexually abused Children/ Child Prostitution There is considerable amount of increase in the sexually abused children in India during last few years. Children are dehumanized, demeaned and are reduced to mere comodities for sale and purchase just to satisfy the need of ruthless and inhuman sexually immature individuals. These children are deprived of their childhood. Prostitution has become a very profitable trade in which million of children are involved specifically girl child. Child pornography has alarmingly increased in our country, so also incest rarely coming to light but very common in our society. The agony they go through: Apart from being sexually abused they also go through physical torture- beaten up, burnt, deprived of good food. They are kept in small cells or in very small and crowded rooms in unhygenic conditions getting very less light and air. Sometimes they are forced to take drugs to subside hunger and pain. Reasons: Among many other, povery is the basic reason worldwide. In India we find parents selling child to gain financial aid. Children of sex worker are forced into prostitution. Sometimes parents sexually abuse their children and so they find them ready for sex a good reason to earn money.à ¢Ã‚ Ã‚  Ãƒ ¢Ã‚ Ã‚  Ãƒ ¢Ã‚ Ã‚  6à ¢Ã‚ Ã‚   Effect: Looses childhood and dignity, no future, physical as well as psychological disorder. Psychologically they are depressed, post traumatic stress as disorder, anxiety, psychopathy in later life, poor self esteem, develop self destructive behaviour such as crime in adulthood and suicide. We also find they turn out to be anti-socials. Phisically they are infected with sexually transmitted deseases. Children effected by Drugs and Alchohol: Children who are not able to take out their anger indulge in taking drugs. Reason behind children addicted to drug are divorse of parents, family violence, lack of love and support, not being heard of and it is also because of peer presure. In some cases they pick up this habit from their parents. Effects: It effects all areas of life such as emotional, psychological, spiritual as well as social and physically. they suffer loss of health.7à ¢Ã‚ Ã‚  Ãƒ ¢Ã‚ Ã‚   Child Labour: In India 14.4% of children between 10-14 years of age are employed in child labour. It is effecting our society all over the world. They basically work in carpet factories, glass blowing units and firework factories. There are around 20 million child labourers in the country. Causes: To alivate poverty families force them into it. According to Prof. Gangrade, child labour is caused by differeà ¢Ã‚ Ã‚  nt factors eg. Social tradition, customs, and dearth of schools or parental reluctance to send children to school, industrialization, urbanization and also migration. Effects: They are mal nourished, deprived of education, viewed as wage earner. It is hazardous to childs developmental needs both mental and physical. They are also effected socially and psychologically.8à ¢Ã‚ Ã‚  Ãƒ ¢Ã‚ Ã‚  Ãƒ ¢Ã‚ Ã‚  Ã‚   SOME OF THE ORGANIZATIONS THAT ARE WORKING FOR THE CHILDREN WHO ARE AT RISK ARE: 1) VIVA NETWORK: This organization works among the children and do investment for their future in order to break the pattern of poverty and love, equip and support them. They are also helping them to make them free from depression, exploitation and abuse. And for this they engage themselves with mobilizing churches, communities and individuals to play their part in changing the lives of vulnerable children. 2) WORLD VISION INDIA: A Christian humanitarian organization working to create lasting changes in the lives of children, families and communities living in poverty and injustice. They focus on building the community around children so that they have the opportunity to reach for a better future. 3) UNICEF: In India it is working since 1949 and known to be the driving force that builds a world where the rights of every child are realized. The purpose is to overcome the obstacles that poverty, violence, diseases and discrimination place in childs path. 4) CEF: An international Christian organization seeks to evangelize and disciple children around the world. They target 10 million children worldwide to hear the good news. One of their main ministries is to do with children of prisoners because children of prisoners have 70% chance if going to prison when they grow up. 5) DIVYA SHANTI CHRISTIAN ORGANIZATION: Working since 1967 in Bangalore. They search children at market, railway station where the abused and runaway children take refuge. Their ministry is done by a night mobile clinic which is run by a staffed nurse and social worker who addressed the needs of children. 6) CRIN: They envision a world in which every child enjoys all human rights promised by United Nations, Regional Organizations and National Government. They also believe that children have the right to participate and express themselves freely and openly in all maters affecting them. These are some of the organizations but there are so many NGO, as well as the secular organizations which are working for the children. Now these days we also see lot of books on this subject, lot of work has been done but lots have to be done in order to accomplish the need of the children. OUR MISSION APPROACH Today lot of churches as well as our government has worked for the upliftment of the children who are at risk. Many churches have come forward to help children in terms of finance, material, and medical facilities and had helped them to get status in the society. Government had also started schemes for children like providing them mid day meals, free education as well as learning institutions where children are equipped to do tailoring, handicraft work from which they can learn and earn also. But apart from physical healing we need to reach out to them trough the Gospel which will bring spiritual healing. Evangelism to children is a special ministry of the church. There are various ways which church adapt to bring the Good News to children. For example through strory telling, visual aids such as flat pictures, graphics, projected materials, video-tape, Puppet show, music etc. Therefore being a theologian student lets stand in the gap for the children at risk and be sensitive about their needs serving and uplifting them in whatever capacity we can, so that they will become responsible leaders to serve the nation in future.

B. F. Skinner and Behavior Conditioning

Behavior conditioning is viewed as a significant psychopathological influence that extends beyond the concept of psychoanalysis and sexual psychology. Burrhus Frederic Skinner (1904-1990) considers the concept of conditioning as comprehensive type of learning wherein behavioral changes are manipulated rather than intrinsically stimulated. According to the article of Moore (2002), behavior conditioning of Skinner gives rise to two primary components: (1) the biological foundation of behavior manipulation through hormonal systems and other physiologic relations (e. g. neurologic functioning, genetic relationships, etc.), and (2) the occurrence of the behavioral event. Behavior conditioning is the indirect manipulation of activities in order to elicit a behavioral response or behavioral pattern. B. F. Skinner’s idea of behavior conditioning revolves in his concept of Operant Conditioning, which is a type of learning process wherein stimulation of behaviors illicit behavioral modi fications. According to the article of O’Donohue and Plaud (1994), Skinner’s behavioral conditioning involves a mutual relationship between the strengthening and weakening effects rendered by environmental consequences.The mutual relationship between (1) reinforcement and (2) punishment is directed by a stimulus control. According to B. F. Skinner, â€Å"human behavior is not a simple machine-like product of a stimulus, but is something dynamic, changing and in flux, as the environment is in influx†. Behavior conditioning of B. F. Skinner, indeed, constitutes environmental reinforcements and punishments that set the behavioral trends of a human being. Discussion Behavioral ConditioningThe psychological activities fostering behavior in an individual are said to be dynamic, ever changing and mutually linked with the external forces of the human environment. Skinner has observed early on that a large part of our behavior is not automatically elicited by an uncondit ioned stimulus. According to Moore (2002), the concept of behavioral conditioning is associated to the process of survival wherein a human being is directed to a specific pattern of behavior in order to foster adaptation towards the changing environment.Skinner’s operant conditioning can be viewed as a diverse behavioral process that evolves and influences the individual's survival during its lifetime by facilitating the adaptation towards the environment (Moore, 2002). The consequence behavior is the result of the individual’s way of adaptation towards the environment. In the process of the individual’s adaptation, the â€Å"environment in turn acts back on the behavior and on the individual: both are changed as a result of reciprocal behavior-environment interchange (Skinner, 1953)†.According to Burgess (1997), Skinner’s idea of behavior conditioning comprises of three perceivable components that explain to the process of behavioral modification. These elements are (1) the inner activities of behavior, (2) nature of inner behavior, and (3) the role of the environment. Inner activities include the cognitive processes and activities (e. g. thinking, problem solving, decision-making, etc. ) that an individual performs prior to the adaptation of behavior.Meanwhile, the nature of inner behavior is assessed whether the individual’s behavioral change is due to the evolution of society or external environment (phylogenetic) or genetically acquired (ontogenetic). Lastly, the environment facilitates the learning atmosphere that reinforces the permanent change of behavior in the individual (Burgess, 1997). In application of this theoretical proposition, the behavioral transformation of 12-year old that initiates a bullying behavior at school is first established by an inner assessment of self and environment.The child analyzes the capacity of his strength over the others in the class, and then further internalizes the nature of his preferred action. Reinforcers of this behavior can either be other classmates influencing him to bully others or his intrinsic psychological desire to bully others. In a well-appropriate environment where the subject is regarded as the strongest, the chance of producing a bullying behavior to 12-year old boy is more likely (Burgess, 1997; O’ Donohue and Plaud 1994).As for the analysis above, behavior conditioning is therefore affected by three major components, namely (1) the inner self, (2) the environment and (3) the process of behavioral adaptation. However, according to Moore (2002), another contributing factor to consider is the biological foundation of behavior. In Moore’s (2002) argument derived from Skinner’s behavioral conditioning, the influence of hormonal and genetic compositions is another perspective of behavior modifications.â€Å"The science of behavior is concerned with behavior directly selected according to phylogenic contingencies, via inherited genetic mechanisms (Moore 2002)†. The contributions of genetics to causal behavioral events are said to be due to the sensitivity of nervous function to environmental stimulation. Skinner suggests that some behaviors dominating in an individual are not externally fostered, rather elicited only by the environment or other forms of reinforcements (Moore 2002). Components of Behavior Conditioning B. F.Skinner’s view of behavioral conditioning comprises of diverse factors, specifically (1) the material environment during the lifetime of the individual organism (Moore 2002), (2) inner activities and nature of a behavior – phylogenetic (Moore 2002; Burgess 1997), (3) the Gene-Behavior relationship (Moore 2002), and (4) the reciprocal behavior-environment interchange (O’ Donohue and Plaud 1994). In these four contributing factors of behavior conditioning, Skinner, in his operant conditioning, has proposed two essential balancing components: (1) positive reinforcements (rewards), and (2) negative reinforcements (punishments).Operant conditioning involves the functional relationships between behavior events and environmental events. Consequent behaviors can be demonstrated by systematic and controlled changes in the environment. To Skinner, â€Å"there are three-term contingency that exemplifies the relationship among antecedents, behavior and consequences. † Most activities that human beings perform socially provide the context for other people to react according to these activities in one way or another; thereby, initiating consequences of behavior.Such principle is also true in terms of physical environment through the presence of reinforcements, specifically reward systems and punishments. According to Skinner, â€Å"behavior is governed to some degree by reinforcement, which can be organized in endless variety of ways according to reinforcements and punishments. † In addition by Moore (2002), reinforcements largel y depend on the environmental settings and the behavioral nature present in the individual. Negative and positive reinforcements act as the behavior leverages that manipulates an individual’s behavior.According to O’ Donohue and Plaud (1994), behavior conditioning and the basic elements of reinforcements and punishments are defined as the Law of Effect responsible for manipulating both desired and undesired behavioral practices. The main emphasis of behavior modification is to reinforce behaviors that are valuable, and negate those behavioral patterns that are not appropriate. In operant conditioning, the individual’s behavior operates on the environment and determines the occurrence of reinforcements as contingent to the behavioral conditioning.According to Moore (2002), reinforcements are interrelated to the individual’s survival and adaptation. â€Å"Operant conditioning occurs when the probability of a response in the presence of an antecedent stimul us increases because of the prior consequences of the response in the presence of the stimulus in question (Moore 2002)†. Skinner’s view of behavioral conditioning identifies covert, implicit or private events as contributing factors to the mutual relationship between stimuli and the influence on behavior response. Conclusion In conclusion of the study, B.F. Skinner in his idea of behavioral conditioning emphasizes behavior as a consequence of the relationship between environment and behavioral events. Conditioning behaviors is facilitated by manipulating the external reinforcements, specifically reward systems and/or punishments, derived from the different contributing factors. Behavior conditioning revolves in various contributing factors, namely (1) the inner and nature of behavior, (2) physical environment, (3) biochemical processes of behavior, and (4) reciprocal behavior-environment interchange.Consequent behaviors are product of the individual’s adaptation in his environment as a form of survival mechanism. References Jensen, R. , & Burgess, H. (1997). Mythmaking: how introductory psychology texts present B. F. Skinner's analysis of cognition. Journal of Psychological Record, 47, 221-227. Moore, J. (2002). Some Thoughts on the Relation between Behavior Analysis and Behavioral Neuroscience. Journal of Psychological Record, 52, 261-266. O'Donohue, W. , & Plaud, J. (1994). The Conditioning of Human Sexual Arousal. Journal of Sexual Behavior, 23, 221-228.

Plagiarism Is More Effective Than Just Punishing Students

Later Draft Scott Jaschik discusses various situations of plagiarism in college in his article, â€Å"Winning Hearts and Minds in War on Plagiarism,† in order to argue that there are more efficient solutions to prevent plagiarism. Jaschik published this article in Inside Higher Ed, which is an online news source, that he cofounded, targeting first year English and college writing instructors. In the article, he explores different ways of preventing plagiarism and emphasizes the importance of academic integrity. By drawing on different instructor perspectives, he employs various situations such as an online student discussion board and an assignment to purposely plagiarize in order to highlight common issues with why students plagiarize. Jaschik†¦show more content†¦Although there still was some unintentional plagiarizing, the open-minded conversation between Hagopian and her students was more beneficial and effective for the students because it taught them the, â€Å"difference between deliberate fraud and failed apprenticeship† (Jaschik 262). This example strengthens Jaschik’s idea by specifically illustrating how first year writing instructors being more open minded towards plagiarism can be more beneficial for the students. Jaschik also describes another example with Roy Stamper, an associate writing director, who followed an online student discussion board where students discussed how they felt about plagiarizing which led Stamper to discover that â€Å"there was also a strong, intense reaction from other students – much of it critical† (263). Jaschik uses this to illustrate how â€Å"his lurking online raised many questions† and whether, â€Å"an intense workload puts an emphasis for students on efficiency as opposed to quality† (263-4). This example also strengthens Jaschik’s argument in that it appeals to the first year writing instructors by giving insight on various students’ opinions on plagiarizing. This is effective to the instructors because it allows them to learn some reasons why students plagiarize, such as being overloaded and not having enough time. Even Stamper himself asks, â€Å"Should writing instructors be looking toShow MoreRelatedWhy Universities Have Adopted Academic Integrity Policies1958 Words   |  8 PagesOften, having a college degree creates a sense of pride and accomplishment in an individual as well as the people around them. T hey are seen with more respect and admiration and are considered to be more successful. However, their degree would have no value if the university they attended was known for their lack of academic integrity. Cheating in universities has become a huge problem in today’s society. This is why universities have adopted academic integrity policies. This importance of honestyRead MoreApplication of Ethical Theories12285 Words   |  50 PagesThe role of ethical theories in ethical reasoning and behavior within organizations - Research proposal Sigalit Pasternak, Phd student The Faculty of Management Tel Aviv University Supervisor: Dr. Ishak Saporta Introduction Business ethics is a specialized branch of ethics focusing on how moral standards apply to business organizations and behavior (Velasques, 1998). As such, it cannot be understood separately from the general ideas of ethics, and the general ethical theories apply to business ethicsRead MoreLibrary Management204752 Words   |  820 Pages. . . . . . 78 Total Quality Management (TQM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80 Policy Making . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81 Sources of Policy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83 Effective Policy Development . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84 Implementing Policy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85 Decision Making . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86 Steps in Making Decisions

How Did Thomas Paine Influence The American Revolution

Thomas Paine was an England born political activist, theorist, philosopher and revolutionary. He was an influential writer of essays and pamphlets. His works included â€Å"The Age of Reason, â€Å"Rights of Man† and the widely known and well accepted â€Å"Common Sense†. He is one of the Founding Fathers of the United States and had a major influence on the American Revolution by helping shape many of the ideas that marked the Age of Revolution. His extremely popular Common Sense pamphlet (which I will be discussing in this essay) was the first pamphlet to advocate for American Independence. Common Sense is the best-selling book in American history, a statistic that speaks to the power that the book held. Paine wrote Common Sense due to the ongoing†¦show more content†¦Paine says the monarchy is granted far too much power and does not offer a reasonable system of checks and balances, although it claims it does. He emphasizes how the sole purpose of government is to protect its citizens, protect life, liberty, and property and that government should be judged solely on what it actually accomplishes. Paine also discusses his problem with hereditary succession, saying it’s an â€Å"abominable practice†. Paine believes hereditary succession has brought with it innumerable evils such as corruption and civil war. Paine proposes a representative democracy that will provide equal power for all colonies. Paine’s writing was brought upon by an already upheaved political environment. The war for American Independence is believed to start from the French and Indian war of 1763, with the British winning the war. Although Britain won this war it burdened the American colonies as British began to impose harsh taxes and rules. These taxes and rules were repealed later on in 1770. In 1774, the British Parliament passed harsh laws as a result of the Boston Tea Party and other protest; this act was Britain’s way of reasserting their control over the American colony. Furthermore, in 1975, a battle erupted at Lexington and Concord, the Americans wonShow MoreRelatedAn Unsung Hero in the Story of Americas Independence1133 Words   |  5 PagesStory of America’s Independence Thomas Paine was a political philosopher, a solider, an abolitionist, and one of the most significant supporters of the American war for independence. Thomas Paine is most notably recognized for his pamphlet, Common Sense, which he wrote during the early stages of the American Revolution as a call to the colonists to join together and support the fight for independence. 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